Tarantulas are captivating, low-maintenance arachnids prized for their burrowing behaviour, nocturnal activity, and impressive size. With long lifespans and minimal care requirements, they are ideal for intermediate hobbyists, educators, and arachnid enthusiasts. Safe to keep with proper housing, tarantulas provide a unique and fascinating addition to a home.
Basic Information
Tarantulas are large, hairy spiders belonging to the family Theraphosidae, known for their striking appearance and slow, deliberate movements. Adult tarantulas range from 8–15 cm leg span, and lifespans vary by sex: females can live 10–20 years, while males typically live 3–5 years. They are primarily nocturnal and burrowing, making them fascinating to observe but low-maintenance pets.
Essential Supplies
Secure Enclosure
Tarantulas must be housed in a sturdy, escape-proof enclosure with a lockable lid. Glass or plastic terrariums with ventilation mesh work well. For terrestrial species, floor space is more important than height, while arboreal species require vertical space.
Substrate
Provide at least 5–10 cm of a moisture-retaining substrate for terrestrial species, such as a mix of coco fibre, peat, and soil. Arboreal species need a thinner substrate combined with cork bark or climbing structures. Keep the substrate slightly moist but never wet.
Hides & Burrow Sites
Offer natural hides like cork bark, hollow logs, or clay pots to replicate burrows and retreats. Deep substrate is essential for burrowing species to allow natural digging behaviour.
Decor & Climbing
Add branches, rocks, and cork tubes to enrich the enclosure. Ensure all décor is stable to avoid injury to the tarantula.
Water Source
Provide a shallow water dish or damp sponge for hydration. Replace water daily and clean the dish regularly.
Cleaning Supplies
Use paper towels, spare substrate, and arachnid-safe disinfectants for maintenance. Avoid strong chemicals near the enclosure.
Housing
Enclosures should mimic the natural environment: terrestrial species require more floor space and deep substrate, while arboreal species need vertical space and climbing opportunities. Keep the habitat in a quiet area away from direct sunlight and drafts. Males and females must generally be housed separately, except for controlled breeding.
Environment
Maintain temperatures of 22–28°C for most NSW species, with slight fluctuations allowed at night. Humidity depends on species: terrestrial burrowers require moderate humidity (~50–70%), while arboreal species may need slightly higher levels. Light is not required; ambient room lighting with a natural day/night cycle is sufficient. Heating is rarely necessary unless room temperatures drop below 18°C.
Diet & Feeding
Tarantulas are carnivorous, feeding primarily on live insects such as crickets, roaches, mealworms, and other invertebrates. Prey should be appropriately sized—no larger than the tarantula’s body. Juveniles may be fed 2–3 times per week, while adults can be fed 1–2 times per week. Remove uneaten prey promptly to prevent stress or injury.
Behaviour & Handling
Tarantulas are generally docile but can bite or flick urticating hairs if threatened. Handling should be minimal and gentle; allow them to walk onto your hand rather than picking them up. They are primarily observed at night and are fascinating to watch as they burrow, hunt, and interact with their environment.
Common Health Issues
Tarantulas are hardy, but improper care can lead to health problems.
Dehydration
Occurs if water or humidity is insufficient. Symptoms include lethargy, shriveled abdomen, or inactivity. Provide a shallow water dish and lightly mist the enclosure as needed.
Moulting Problems
Low humidity, incorrect substrate, or injury can cause difficulties during moulting. Signs include incomplete shedding or stuck exoskeleton. Ensure proper substrate depth and moisture for safe moulting.
Stress & Injury
Excessive handling, overcrowding, or sudden environmental changes can cause stress or leg loss. Limit handling and house individually to prevent aggression.
Fungal or Bacterial Growth
High humidity, poor ventilation, or unclean substrate may lead to infections. Remove mouldy substrate, improve airflow, and maintain enclosure hygiene.
Health, Hygiene & Safety
Spot-clean uneaten food and waste regularly. Partial substrate replacement is preferred to maintain burrows. Wash hands before and after handling or maintenance. Always use gloves or forceps when handling, and keep chemicals away from the enclosure.
Record Keeping
Keep logs of feeding schedules, prey type, moulting events, substrate changes, and behaviour. Records help track health, identify potential issues, and maintain long-term wellbeing.
Holiday Care
For short absences, ensure water supply and substrate moisture are adequate. For longer periods, a knowledgeable carer should check water, food, and enclosure conditions. Written instructions are recommended.
Transportation
Use a secure, ventilated container lined with substrate and a hide. Keep transport calm, stable, and away from temperature extremes. Avoid excessive handling.
Compatibility with Other Animals
Keeping tarantulas individually is the safest and most recommended practice. Keep away from pets such as cats, dogs, or birds, which may stress or harm them.
Tarantulas are now available at Birdsville, 684 Boatny Road Alexandria. Keep an eye out on our Facebook or Instagram for updates or come in store to visit them!
